Industry committee  That number comes from the 600 million pages that the industry has told us are being made free every year in Canadian schools. Again, we don't know if that number is accurate. If you look at 2% of that based on the Copyright Board of Canada and the Federal Court of Appeal saying

Industry committee  That's using the data from the industry.

Industry committee  The mechanisms in place for performance issues or disciplinary action does differ from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, even specifically sometimes from board to board.

Industry committee  Ms. Noel was there for that process, so I'll let her answer very specifically.

Industry committee  We don't have that number for you, but we'll see if staff can provide that to the committee.

Industry committee  We actually have done the math, and if you're looking at it per student, that would be two copies per student per school year. So two illegal copies per student per year, looking at that 2%.

Industry committee  If we accept the 600-million-copy figure that's been presented, if you look at 2% of that—I wasn't a math major by the way—

Industry committee  —what we've come up with is fewer than two copies per student per school year.

Industry committee  As ministers, we do have an obligation to inform our educators of the law and ensure there's compliance. That's not just the cost associated with copyright, that's a cost associated with the variety of roles they have to function under. In terms of our quantifying how much money

Industry committee  That's a national number.

Industry committee  It's pages.

Industry committee  The number of dollars we're spending to purchase materials for our education systems is going up as a whole. As the Council of Ministers of Education, Canada, collectively we'll be putting forward $5 million to enhance education around copyright and to, as I mentioned earlier,

Industry committee  Since 2012—and the numbers from Statistics Canada are in your packages—the sales by the publishing industry to the K-to-12 or the P-to-12 education system have gone up. Book sales have gone up from 2012 all the way to 2016, and you see those numbers detailed in each of those grap

Industry committee  We're paying more in materials, but the nature of those materials is changing. We are investing more in course materials in our education systems. What we're worried about is the mandatory tariff that would—if the proposal is accepted—take approximately $53 million outside of our

Industry committee  We support the court definition of fair dealing. It's not an easy question to answer. I think the courts have done us a service in terms of tackling that important question over the course of 10 years. I do think it makes sense that if you're only photocopying an excerpt of a tex