Subcommittee on Sports-Related Concussions in Canada committee  I would only add that the clinics that we see as being very effective have, as Dr. Zemek said, that multidisciplinary approach. Are there models that work, that have that multidisciplinary approach or framework, that can be replicated, whether that be physically located in the same area and in the same space or that the patients have access to?

Subcommittee on Sports-Related Concussions in Canada committee  Is that in terms of adopting the guideline and protocols?

Subcommittee on Sports-Related Concussions in Canada committee  Some are. Sport Manitoba has required that all of their provincial-level sport organizations build a concussion strategy and protocol around the guideline and protocol template we developed for the national level. One of the goals for us, even though we were working with the NSOs at the national level, was that any tools we produced could be used by any level of sport.

Subcommittee on Sports-Related Concussions in Canada committee  In fact, the purpose of the app was very specific to be what we called an “on the go” app, with access to quick, short pieces of information that can be accessed from a mobile platform at a time when that information is needed. It's not to track the injury, because our expertise is not in medical tracking or any of that kind of data.

Subcommittee on Sports-Related Concussions in Canada committee  I think it's a challenge across injury issues, but certainly for concussion and the way that data is collected, we always see the tip of the iceberg. At the FPT working group, we have talked a lot about what systems already exist that could be leveraged to collect the data that is out there.

Subcommittee on Sports-Related Concussions in Canada committee  We're actually working on that in terms of the Google search engine—I am not a technical expert by any means—and how the information that is most credible comes up in the Google searches so that, number one, if they go to Google, they find good-quality and credible information.

Subcommittee on Sports-Related Concussions in Canada committee  I'm sorry.

Subcommittee on Sports-Related Concussions in Canada committee  Knowledge translation is founded in theories and principles about asking who needs to know information, and how, when and where they need to receive it. One of the roles we play as that bridge is to turn language and findings from research that is not accessible to all audiences into either lay language or strategies that can be used with various audiences, whether that's to inform what a policy looks like or that in some cases is an industry change that needs to be made, or key messages or actions to parents.

Subcommittee on Sports-Related Concussions in Canada committee  For youth, sport is the leading cause of concussion. For the rest of us, it is other things and factors. We're seeing an uptick in concussions from seniors falling, but that's a discussion for another day. In terms of a poorly managed concussion, I may defer to the physician. However, in terms of best practices, it's talking about what will make the best impact on that individual, the information we know about activity levels, the amount of rest that's needed, the amount of screen time or no screen time, and how to return to activity but not particular sporting activities.

Subcommittee on Sports-Related Concussions in Canada committee  It's certainly getting better. In terms of the difference in the last five years in how we are talking about concussion, Dr. Zemek talked about the increase in concussion reporting. Some of that is that there aren't more concussions happening but more people are aware of the fact that concussion is a big issue and that they need to seek medical attention.

Subcommittee on Sports-Related Concussions in Canada committee  Thank you. Good evening. As you said, my name is Pamela Fuselli. I'm the Vice-President at Parachute Canada, Canada's national charity dedicated to injury prevention. Thank you for inviting me to speak to the committee on this important topic. The purpose of this subcommittee aligns well with Parachute's vision to ensure Canadians live long lives to the fullest.