Human Resources committee  It's a complex question. We can certainly produce a range of indicators of precarious employment. We do already have a range that we can expand on. There's a separate question. I think people may be looking for one silver bullet, a single-measure indication of precarity, and I wo

Human Resources committee  We are very committed to measuring all aspects, as many aspects of quality of employment as we can. We already have measures for examples of non-standard employment. We recognize that we can improve, that there are data types that we can improve, and that we can fill some of th

Human Resources committee  That's a good example of how, when thinking of precarity or job quality, you have to think of multiple dimensions. We've given two dimensions there where the situation is relatively stable for women, where there have been decreases for men. You're referring, I think, to the gen

Human Resources committee  It's a very complex question. You'd have to look at the hours women work compared to men, for example. You'd have to take into account absences for child-rearing, etc. We do have very detailed studies on that. I'd be happy to refer the committee to those more detailed results.

Human Resources committee  Again, I think it's best if we refer the committee to a more detailed study, rather than having me make a mistake in some of the details.

Human Resources committee  Absolutely. We'd look, for example, at the composition of wages by hours worked, as opposed to hourly wages. It may be that one is narrowing, but one is persisting. We break that down into different components in more detailed studies. I don't have the details at hand.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  We have projected the labour force using a range of scenarios. Under every scenario we look at, the labour force, which is the proportion of the population that's working or looking for work, is going to decrease. It's true that's driven by fertility decreases and the aging of th

Citizenship and Immigration committee  I just want to emphasize and go back to that question that was asked before. We do not project labour demand. We're projecting the supply, looking 10 or 20 years out. We're not projecting the demand. We're just making an observation that the number of people working or looking fo

Citizenship and Immigration committee  I have to confess, I'm not an expert in this area, so we would have to put you in contact with some of our colleagues who have much more expertise on those types of questions.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Sure.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  We have done some research on this question. One part of the explanation is the origin of those women. They tend to come, increasingly, from countries where women are less likely to participate in the labour force. In order to fully understand the recent dynamics in the labour fo