Environment committee  I'm going to rely on the principal, Kim Leach, to address that. It's a technical area involving bottom up and backcasting and so on.

Environment committee  As we indicate in our report 8, oil and gas and transportation together account for 50% of the anthropogenic emissions in Canada. That's 28% for oil and gas and 22% for transportation. Within that 22%, 51% is from light-duty vehicles. That's a big chunk of emissions that can be

Environment committee  In terms of the impact of the ruling on reaching the emissions reduction goals, I guess I'll pretend I'm in my previous role as an environmental adjudicator at the federal and provincial level, rather than in the audit office. There's no question that carbon pricing, which is on

Environment committee  We have a recommendation about speeding up the availability of emissions information. If it's a priority, like economic issues are a priority, we can get faster information. We give examples of countries in Europe where they can turn around data on this. There's always going to

Environment committee  I cannot explain why the department chose not to publish more information on the effectiveness of these measures. However, I can say that long before my appointment, our office issued a series of reports that called for more transparency and more information on the assumptions

Environment committee  This announcement came after the conclusion of our audit, so we did not receive any analysis about this announcement. We don't know what the impact would be on achieving the target, whether it would decrease the chances of achieving it. We don't know if there has been an equity a

Environment committee  We are very disappointed to have had to resubmit virtually the same recommendations as in the last audit. Indeed, Canada has managed fisheries since Confederation. There are many years of history behind this. There are also many effects listed. The case of Atlantic cod is a wel

Environment committee  I cannot explain that either. That's what we pointed out in the conclusion of our report. The department needs to do that work, and we recommended that it improve its system. Why has it not done so far, especially since an audit was done on virtually the same issue seven years ag

Environment committee  I can start answering this question, but it is not for me to argue for one policy or another. It is up to the department to do so. As I said earlier, pricing theory based on the internalization of externalities is well understood by economists, experts, and even the Supreme Cou

Environment committee  Clearly, since 1990 or 2005, Canada has lagged behind the other six G7 countries. A graph in our report 6 illustrates the situation. We can see that emissions can be reduced. The other countries are not identical to Canada, but they are democratic and developed countries like Can

Environment committee  Excuse me. So you were talking about the last two years. I feel more confident looking at the curve over a longer period of time. If we look only at the last two years, given the COVID‑19 pandemic, it is very difficult to determine what has been the contribution of the measures

Environment committee  I would simply like to say that I am not able to explain this to you, because there is not enough transparency in the department's data. If anyone could explain this to you, it would be the department, not our office.

Environment committee  We've had some documentation shared with us, but we wouldn't have a recommendation seeking more transparency if we felt that we were receiving enough. This plan definitely is better than previous plans, in that it has more disclosure of assumptions, more details in it and sector-

Environment committee  It is a concern. That's why recommendation 84 is there, about making substantive information publicly available, not just to our office but to the public. There was a question earlier from Mr. Bachrach, I believe, about sectors accounting for the most increases in emissions since

Environment committee  I'd be pleased to. We talk about that in this report, and it's also one of the lessons learned in our 2021 report in terms of the need for better coordination and leadership. It is not for us to prescribe a specific avenue to address this, but we can point out that, after 30 yea