Natural Resources committee  It's the same answer from me. I am more on the science side, so if you have a question on the science side or process. But, sorry, on CUSMA, I'm not an economist, so I cannot help you on that.

Natural Resources committee  Yes. I've known this material for 35 years. We have two ways to make graphite. There's natural graphite, and we can also use petroleum coke to make artificial graphite. I believe the federal government must help with this mine or this artificial graphite. Assist them with investm

Natural Resources committee  On the energy transition, batteries and hydrogen, the federal government must absolutely be involved in the process, whether through clusters or programs directly related to the Department of Innovation, Science and Economic Development or an interdepartmental program. It must be

Natural Resources committee  It's a great question. Today we're going to have equilibrium between urban mines and natural mines. Urban mines will be for recycling. We have three types of recycling. In terms of direct recycling, today with cell fabrication, between 5% to 10% of these cells are not used, so

Natural Resources committee  Yes, this is an important avenue. However, we also need to be careful. We must not upset customers who own gas-powered cars, especially middle-class families. In addition to taxation, there should be a hybrid strategy that includes incentives, where both levels of government, fe

Natural Resources committee  Thank you for the question, Mr. Simard. We have the materials, the mines and the talent. As for what's missing, let me give you an example. We have a graphite mine and we want to make this material marketable. We would like to produce spherical graphite from the mine and purify

Natural Resources committee  As I was saying, we really need to develop this primary processing, then secondary, until the product reaches the customer, all here in Canada, with the right machines. Otherwise, we will lose the expertise and the know-how. I agree with that. This all applies not only to materia

Natural Resources committee  We already have traceability projects, particularly regarding CO2 emissions, because in Canada, we do have green materials made with renewable energy, including hydro, solar and wind. We can also make [Inaudible—Editor] with intuition and creativity to ensure that these materials

Natural Resources committee  I'll just give the numbers. This is from Harvard University. Eight million died in 2018 from fossil fuel pollution, à cause l'essence, à cause du diesel. We need to accelerate the penetration of electrification as soon as possible. This can be a great economic balance. Quebec is

Natural Resources committee  Thank you, Mr. Chair. Good afternoon, everyone. My name is Karim Zaghib. I currently hold two positions. I am a professor of practice at McGill University and a strategic advisor with Investissement Québec. Before that, I was a researcher for 26 years and also served as general