National Defence committee  We know that ransomware incidents are under-reported, so we encourage everybody to reach out to us, whether an incident is big or small, to share with us the nature of the cyber-incident so we can learn from it and quickly turn around to mitigate the threat across Canada. The mor

National Defence committee  I would say we're much, much better, but patching a system is not without risk. Every department, including Shared Services and others, has to weigh in the impact of patching a system. Sometimes it breaks technology, or it breaks systems currently in use. I will defer to them to

National Defence committee  When we have seen cyber-activities directed against Ukraine, we have shared those cyber indicators with Ukrainian officials so that they can better defend their networks. Beyond that, on the question of cyber operations, I am unfortunately unable to answer that.

National Defence committee  We are familiar with the Conti Group. They were active in Canada pre-invasion, so we have a good body of knowledge on how to defend against them. We launched a major campaign on ransomware in December to call attention to the problem. As a follow-up to the Russian invasion of the

National Defence committee  Yes. While the cyber centre's primary mission is to protect the government and lead the response to cyber incidents, we work side by side with the public and private sectors. We have a number of engagement platforms with the sectors through sectoral tables, be it energy, electric

National Defence committee  It's hard to put a figure on the number of incidents because they are under-reported. Not all cyber-attack victims report the incidents to us. I can talk about attacks against the government or its attack surface, but it's hard to draw a comparison with ransom-based attacks. Tha

National Defence committee  We know from, again, the cyber-threat assessments that China has a state-sponsored cyber program in the same way as Russia. We have to defend the government, and more broadly Canadian society, against both threats, be it a strategic threat against the government or international

National Defence committee  I would defer to DND to answer that question on the specific state of their IT.

National Defence committee  We have worked tirelessly with DND but also with the rest of government to increase the coverage of the sensors that the cyber centre has made available to the government for defence. Definitely we are in a much better space today than we were in 2017. As far as technology and l

National Defence committee  I was going to echo what Ms. Henderson said.

National Defence committee  I'm happy to maybe take a first crack at that. We are aware of the connection between the Russian intelligence services and cybercriminal organizations. That is something we identified in our national cyber-threat assessment of 2020 and more recently in the context of the Ukrain

National Defence committee  I would say that it's a hacker without ill intent. It's somebody who will hack into a system to discover a vulnerability and then report it to the system owner and say, “I found this vulnerability in your system and here's how you should fix it.” That's opposed to a hacker who go

National Defence committee  Cyber-attacks, from the perspective of the cyber centre, come from pretty much everywhere. We defend the government against cyber-attacks that come from everywhere, and also for different intents, be they state sponsored or criminal. To defend is to raise the bar and to put out,

National Defence committee  Thank you for your question. We work closely with our FINTRAC colleagues, but we don't have a mandate to investigate. Oftentimes, cyber currency is used in cases involving ransom or other criminal activity, so I would refer you to the RCMP. This is more their responsibility.

National Defence committee  From a cyber-perspective, the security of the telecom infrastructure is something we take very seriously. The government is conducting an examination of these emerging technologies and notes that a decision will be announced in due time. In the meantime, we are working with par