Science and Research committee  That's a different question. If you are talking about contract research—and I'm sure Professor Aiken can probably say more about that—it's much easier for the larger companies to go in for contracts with universities. It's pretty expensive. That's a place for the government to help and to reduce the risks for small and medium-sized enterprises to come in on large research projects.

Science and Research committee  Of course, they have reliance on the private sector. There's no reason for them to start a business in a certain area unless there is already some kind of industry here. You would like to see the relationship. The importance here is in the agencies and those public-private partnerships that we see sometimes in incubators and accelerators where you see the private sector play a role in helping with networking and helping them come in and connect with the local industry, or come back in, if you like, especially if we're talking about students coming back into Canada.

Science and Research committee  I'm not sure I can answer that question. In terms of the impact on entrepreneurship itself—on entrepreneurship education, which is what I presented—we see there's still a difference. There's always been a difference between females and males in entrepreneurship. Usually we see more males in entrepreneurship.

Science and Research committee  Thank you very much. Dear members of the committee on science and research, my name is Shiri Breznitz. I am an associate professor at the Munk School. I will focus my statement on the importance of entrepreneurship education and the role of international education in entrepreneurship.