Foreign Affairs committee  As I talked about in my opening statement, we are in the process of making available a long-acting antibody for the prevention of COVID in patients who don't mount an immune response to the vaccine, which I think is really important for an untreated population today. The commitment to longer-term development in this space is something that AstraZeneca is doing.

Foreign Affairs committee  I asked for the indemnification clause on the Vaxzevria contract with Canada, to be clear—

Foreign Affairs committee  I think that indemnification clauses, in all of my time in the pharmaceutical industry, are a standard part of contracting. With regard to the specific details you talk about, I don't have the knowledge to answer.

Foreign Affairs committee  I think the entire industry and specifically our organizations have shown that we are in this fight with the entire system. The idea here is not necessarily to make money, per se, on the vaccine; it is to continue to invest in the development of our vaccines, as they, to your point, need to evolve.

Foreign Affairs committee  I'm not privileged as to specifically the indemnification clause in the contract that you speak of. What I can say is that AstraZeneca stands behind our medicines and the safety profile of our medicines, and so—

Foreign Affairs committee  I'm assuming that question is for me.

Foreign Affairs committee  Through the entire pandemic stage, AstraZeneca offered the vaccine at no profit globally. That included a significant amount of donations that were made either through countries or directly on AstraZeneca's behalf. At the beginning of the year, as we moved into an endemic phase, we moved to tier pricing in countries that we have vaccine contracts with.

Foreign Affairs committee  To briefly answer that, this change in pricing policy—which, by the way, still offers low-income countries a no-profit option, and we're still delivering it there—has happened in just the recent months, so there are no public financial implications that can be discussed at this time at a global level.

Foreign Affairs committee  In Canada, right now, we do not have a contract for Vaxzevria with the Canadian government.

Foreign Affairs committee  At the time, at the height of the crisis, we did. The pricing was a no-profit pricing model.

Foreign Affairs committee  I do not have the price here right now. I would have to follow up.

Foreign Affairs committee  Yes, I'll start and then I'll turn it over to you. Quickly, I have two observations. It's interesting, because as you have all self-identified what vaccine you've taken, I think that is a step in overcoming vaccine hesitancy in some way. It has become much more of a top-of-mind thought for all people everywhere as to what they get vaccinated against and how.

Foreign Affairs committee  Go ahead, Fabien.

Foreign Affairs committee  I will just reiterate, because I very much support that same position. We have seen that it's not the intellectual property that has slowed the availability of the vaccines across the globe; it has been the complexity of the supply chain and the distribution of it. As we see across all manufacturers, the partnership in the ecosystems that we've created to be able to get the medicine to the local level has really been key to our success.

Foreign Affairs committee  No. In the interest of brevity, I concur. AstraZeneca is in the same position as Pfizer.