International Trade committee  On the container side, you'll see a lot of innovation on the refrigerated containers. A lot of them are now GPS-enabled. They'll tell you where they are; they'll tell you how much fuel they have left in them and when it's going to run out and when you have to refill them. They've

International Trade committee  Well, there's very little oil that moves by rail. It's a very minuscule part of the market. A lot of it's heavy oil, which doesn't go well with pipelines, and generally it moves to refineries that are not pipeline-connected, so that's where it is. When the oil sands in Alberta we

International Trade committee  It's 100% federal. They've taken into account some of the municipal requirements. I get that. Literally, it's five years through the environmental process and another year through the courts, so I'll say it's six years through the government side of it. Now we're finally into the

International Trade committee  Well, it's not just rail, so even when big companies want to put up plants, they all face the same types of hurdles. Really, what we'd need is, I would say, a government process that allows them to streamline through all the different ministries to get things done quickly and all

International Trade committee  Is that with respect to containers or overall?

International Trade committee  Really, it's anything around the container supply chain. What gets put in a container? It's a little bit of softwood lumber. It's not as much as it used to be. It's a lot smaller. Quite a bit of pulp still goes in; that's a large export through containers. Grains, by far, are the

International Trade committee  They do some, but a lot of it is by truck. They're not having such a large problem getting the containers. In Quebec in particular, almost all of that moves by truck to and from the plant to the port of Montreal and goes for export. The rest of it will either move by truck or by

International Trade committee  From a data standpoint, the CBSA is the one that has all the data, but they have—and I'm taking them at their word—antiquated IT systems. They are not able to pull the data out. They also have legislation, so they are not allowed to provide the data anyway. We spend a lot of ti

International Trade committee  That's right.

International Trade committee  It all depends. It's by commodity, so if you look at the rail market share, you'll see that we're probably almost 60-40 with Canadian Pacific Railway, as an example. A lot of this moves by pipeline, so basically our percentage of the crude oil for export out of Canada is zero. Yo

International Trade committee  It is primarily in North America, because we're such a large consumer area. Europe actually did have some issues as well. They are a big consumption society, but they are also a lot closer, and they can also truck. They have a lot more rail, but a lot of it's served by water. The

International Trade committee  We mimic the U.S. very well.

International Trade committee  Will this happen again? The answer is probably yes. Unless we're ready to put in the surge capacity and fix lots of the issues around the supply chain, with data as a priority, we're just setting ourselves up to see history repeat itself.

International Trade committee  We're a small investor in one of them just so we can follow what they're doing. The answer is that today in the U.S., about 500 miles is the number. You can say 1,000 is a better number to use. One thousand miles says it should move by rail; anything under that should move by tru

International Trade committee  That's right.