Citizenship and Immigration committee  Again, unfortunately, that's not the area within which I currently work. It's something that I can certainly take back as a question to the CBSA, but unfortunately, I don't have those figures with me today.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  We work closely with IRCC, just to ensure that our border security, both facilitation and security measure postures, correspond to any changes in policy as required. Thank you, Mr. Chair.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  I can certainly endeavour to do my best, for sure. I'll take that question back.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  I'm not qualified, necessarily, to speak about what the next iteration of investments might be. Again, we can describe the policies and the programs that we implement. I can, in certain circumstances internally, recommend different types of advancements, but I'm certainly not qualified or prepared to recommend what some of the future government investments might be.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Unfortunately, that's not the area within which I work. I do understand that it's an area that is also in transition, but unfortunately, I'm not able to accurately answer the question. We can certainly commit to a response as required, but unfortunately, I'm not prepared to answer that one.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  I don't, unfortunately, have a yes-or-no answer. I would say, in terms of organized criminality exploiting visa-free travel, that is something that seldom surfaces in evidence related to prosecutions or in the line of investigations related to IRPA. I would say it is something that, in theory, we know exists.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  That effectively answers it. Once the IRB process is done and any potential appeals have been exhausted, it is placed into the CBSA's hands for enforcement and, potentially, a removal order for the individual.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  I apologize, Mr. Chair. I don't have the statistics on the number of Mexican nationals on the removal order list.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Yes.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  The CBSA manages a variety of different threats that continue to evolve and shift based on global migration patterns. We always do our best to inform senior officials of intelligence or migration patterns as they evolve, based on countries of origin, which are usually due to geopolitical events out of our control.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Thanks, Mr. Chair. I'm confident that we'll either have the information, or we'll do our best to surface as much information fidelity as possible on the number of employees and certainly the budget year over year for that 10-year period.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Thank you, Mr. Chair. Of course, the CBSA will do its best to get any and all information related to the number of investigations, prosecutions, etc., over that time period. What I would just suggest to the committee, for awareness, is that it's very complex and particularly manually intensive.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Thank you for the question. I'm not qualified to make a comparison between the two criminal justice systems, but I would say that our own legislation and Criminal Code do afford the right types of tools, which we employ to the greatest extent possible. Again, I wouldn't be qualified to make a direct comparison.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Sure. Thank you very much, Mr. Chair. To begin with, the simplest way to distinguish between the two is that, in one case, someone is willing, and in the other case, someone is unwilling. In the case of the less severe, which is human smuggling, that pertains to the organized movement or irregular illicit migration of individuals across international boundaries or borders.

Citizenship and Immigration committee  Thank you for the question. For human trafficking, we have 27 current active cases. What's important to mention as well is that cases can last for multiple years due to witness availability and the ability to compel testimony. Again, for the complexity and sophistication that augment that figure, I would refer to the RCMP in supporting what is likely the larger number of investigations.