Veterans Affairs committee  Yes. It would be a few years old, but it would be based on the life after service studies that are conducted every three years. That finding has been consistent every three years.

Veterans Affairs committee  Yes.

Veterans Affairs committee  It likely would have an impact, because for 8% of the women veterans, their main activity was caregiving post release. That was quite a bit higher than for male veterans, which I think was 1% or 2%, so it could have a significant impact on their participation in the labour market.

Veterans Affairs committee  Yes.

Veterans Affairs committee  Yes, you have.

Veterans Affairs committee  I had a career of more than 20 years there.

Veterans Affairs committee  It would depend more on conditions. The militaries are not the same from one country to the other. For example, skin cancer is more common in Australia. There is research on that in Australia that is particular to military veterans and under what conditions you can presume. There is not much research on the potential for particular presumptive conditions in Canada.

Veterans Affairs committee  Certainly some of the conditions you mentioned would be easier, although it would be costly to have presumptive conditions. You'd save on the administrative side, but you'd pay a lot more on the program side. I understand that Veterans Affairs is looking into this. That was the reasoning for that study in the first place, to look at what other countries were doing in terms of presumptive rulings.

Veterans Affairs committee  There have been studies of suicide mortality in Canada. As Dr. Rodrigues said, these focus on prevalence rates. They may also be broken down by length of service, age and other factors, but they do not focus on explanatory factors. In Canada, the suicide mortality rate among female veterans is 1.8 times the odds in the general Canadian female population.

Veterans Affairs committee  I agree with Dr. Rodrigues. When you're doing population health research, you're getting a random sample of veterans, so you're going to get 13% females. A lot of the indicators of well-being—at Veterans Affairs, 21 indicators are used—are not gendered indicators. Across the seven domains of well-being, all of those should be disaggregated by sex.

Veterans Affairs committee  Those are regular force veterans.

Veterans Affairs committee  No. Veterans Affairs is not responsible for doing that research. The research I did was as an employee of Veterans Affairs. It would be the Solicitor General who would do that type of research.

Veterans Affairs committee  Yes, rank makes a huge difference. In terms of satisfaction with employment and employment rates, it is much higher among officers than among non-commissioned members.

Veterans Affairs committee  I suppose I could, though I haven't looked at that paper for a little while. Also, I was the second author on that paper.

Veterans Affairs committee  Dr. Amy Hall is the first author on that paper. If you want to know more.... I prepared myself to speak on the women veteran employment area, not the area of presumptive rulings. I can get back to the committee on that paper if you like. I think the presumptive rulings, overall, are not the panacea.