Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  Thank you. On the UN declaration and the implementation of the act, I believe the final report is being released. It's supposed to be this month. That's the UN declaration act. To implement the UN declaration fully, on the rights of indigenous peoples in Canada, all Canadian laws need to be completely compatible with that UN declaration.

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  Yes, I can hear it now.

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  Thank you for the question. My apologies for missing the translation. That's a very big question, but it is one that Canada should definitely be answering. I believe there are too many processes that have been put in place and the land restitution process right now is not equal.

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  Could you repeat the two last sentences of your question, please? I couldn't hear it over the translation.

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  No.

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  Yes.

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  I do, but what happens after you click on it?

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  I did not hear any of the translation, no.

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  Thank you, MP Battiste. My understanding as a treaty commissioner, and from the research that we have in our office, publications and oral history—the other side of the treaties—is that treaties were not cede and surrender. The land was never meant to be surrendered. The cede and surrender clause was inserted into Treaty No. 3 after.

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  That's no problem. If there are any questions, I'll be looking forward to them. Meegwetch.

Indigenous and Northern Affairs committee  Thank you. I'll try not to take all of the five minutes. Aaniin. My name is Mary Culbertson, and I am the treaty commissioner for Saskatchewan. I have a juris doctor of law from the University of Saskatchewan. I thank you for inviting me here to give testimony today on lands and restitution.