Finance committee  That's a big question. I think the ambition is there. There is not a consensus on this among academics working on these issues in Canada, but my feeling is that, as the cost of carbon pricing goes up, there is going to be increasing political resentment to those costs. The amount of $170 per tonne is about double what we're at right now.

Finance committee  That's an interesting question. I haven't looked at that, and I don't know anyone who has, but I think it could be done. Maybe it's something that we could look at. I work regularly with economists at UQAM and others across Canada. I'm not an economist by training, but I try to speak the language.

Finance committee  No, that's not what I was saying. The question that was posed to me by the journalist was whether carbon pricing was the primary cause of inflation. Inflation is a reality. We're all feeling it, but the carbon pricing in Quebec is not the primary cause of that inflation. It's more the macroeconomic and political situation in Canada and the world right now, with conflicts, rising energy prices, shutting off oil, the results of COVID and the supply chain disruptions.

Finance committee  I think that if you want to project how carbon pricing and associates of carbon pricing.... We can talk about the price of the emissions allowances on the carbon market or the backup carbon price. There are also the clean fuel regulations that have been introduced, which you could say are a carbon price, although it's a differently structured instrument.

Finance committee  Hello. Thank you very much for allowing me to speak. I'll introduce myself briefly. I'm a professor at UQAM in Montreal. I'm a political scientist by training, but now I'm at the business school, where there is an interdisciplinary department focusing on environmental and social responsibility.