Industry committee  That's an important question. Parliament may have to pass the laws, and we could have independent agencies to ensure compliance with those laws. That's a question that we'll answer too, if you want.

Industry committee  I'm sorry. I don't have the text in front of me online, but I'm going to give you exactly the clause we think should be extracted from the EU act on that. With respect to copyright, I think it's an obligation for all kinds of generative models, whether they are high-risk or low-risk.

Industry committee  I think that the Université de Montréal professor Catherine Régis talked about this, and I want to have more reflections on that. I think it's a very important question that you ask because the separation of powers.... I don't know why I'm speaking in English; I think you'll understand better if I answer in French.

Industry committee  I'd prefer that we try to do things right, starting now, based on the information we have and foundational policy needs. I'm going to think about this and will pass on my comments to you.

Industry committee  Yes, I wanted to discuss the distinction between the Copyright Act and Bill C-27. The Copyright Act governs rights holders, whereas Bill C-27 concerns the construction and management of generative AI models. It's important to regulate that industry by means of obligations of collective interest, including compliance with copyright.

Industry committee  Yes, we're headed in the right direction, but I admit to you that, as a lawyer, I was very surprised to read the part of the bill concerning generative AI and not to see the key elements of the European legislation. However, I understand that our bill may have been conceived before the big generative AI models, which are capable of generating text and images, became widespread.

Industry committee  We're ready to work very hard with you to improve this bill. The providers of AI models, both the general use ones and the big generative AI models, must be subject to the same cultural obligations as those Europe is introducing. We don't want to have European francophone culture in Quebec.

Industry committee  That's not what I said. I'm glad you asked me the question, and I thank you for it. Since publishing is a global industry, we have frequent discussions with international partners. However, our foreign counterparts are at times surprised to see that Canadian copyright legislation lags behind the rest of the world in all sectors.

Industry committee  No.

Industry committee  No.

Industry committee  As far as I know, that's not the case.

Industry committee  This is a big question. I have to admit I haven't stopped thinking about it. I read this legislation in a rush and wrongly thought it was more about personal data. We have some suggestions for improving it. As my colleague Ms. Kelly said, I think we have to legislate, but we also clearly have to improve this bill so it genuinely protects Canadians in the AI era.

Industry committee  If I understand your question, you want to know if the novel you've written has wound up in the algorithm. Is that it?

Industry committee  No, it's very difficult. The industry is now criticizing the lack of transparency in the creation of systems. As I said, things will change in Europe because there are very clear obligations of transparency in favour of individual rights in connection with the creation and use of works.

Industry committee  That's correct. The bill has to be improved, as Europe is doing in this field.