Finance committee  Thank you, Michael. The government has in fact made huge changes in the way it actually approaches research and development. The investments in various mechanisms--CFI, Canada research chairs, and the indirect costs--have been extraordinarily important for the university sector in particular.

Finance committee  Thank you. Good morning. On behalf of the Coalition for Canadian Astronomy, it is a pleasure to speak before the committee today. I serve as one of the three co-chairs for the coalition, representing the Association of Canadian Universities for Research in Astronomy. I am also the dean of arts and science at the University of Toronto.