I think a lot has been said about the oil. The number one source of where ISIS gets its money is ransom paid by western governments and western companies. That's really important. You know, oil has been inflated. In fact, there's been a re-evaluation; that $1 million-a-day revenue, a number from oil, was actually reassessed because that was based on oil being sold at $100 per barrel, which is not really the true price. The price is more like $20 per barrel, because it's not refined oil. It's crude and can work in some cheap cars, but it's not necessarily the good stuff, so to speak.
In terms of where that oil is going, it's being primarily sold to Kurdish middlemen. The Kurdish middlemen have been historically buying oil on the black market for a decade, so it's not new. Let's say its simply new people who are pumping it out. Much of that oil goes either into Kurdistan or into Turkey. Keep in mind that it's hard to track, because from some reports we've gotten, some of that literally goes straight into the cars themselves. There's not necessarily a sophisticated pipeline being used; it's literally from car to car to car. So it's hard to identify from the air, which is really the problem.
In terms of fighters, fighters are definitely global, and I think the recruitment process online—at least from the reports I've seen and some conversations I've had with people who understand this a lot better in terms of recruitment of these fighters—they're being self-radicalized online. That is an enormous pull.
I hate to put a stereotype to this, but it is primarily young men, disenfranchised, who are finding all of this violence very appealing. Medieval cutting of throats looks very appealing online to a certain segment of a society that, perhaps, has become jaded and I think no longer sensitive to the kind of violence that we see. I don't want to blame it all on video games, but my point is that there are a lot of factors here in explaining where they're getting this recruitment from.
Weaponry—absolutely a lot of this is from the Iraqi army, from the Syrian army. There are people who are willing to give up their bigger cause for the sake of feeding their family, so there are a lot of people who are willing to trade in this business. Yes, I think there are some weapons being smuggled through Turkey. It's a very long and porous border. The Turks have gotten a really bad rap for this, but it's really not their fault. They don't have the manpower or the surveillance capacity to really man this 800 kilometre or...I lost track, 800-something kilometre border. I mean, it's really porous and long, and mountainous, I should add, which makes it more difficult.