What comes to mind offhand is the need to increase social welfare benefits, particularly for unattached individuals, because those benefits are woefully inadequate. At the same time, that is not a federal responsibility. As regards the federal government, my answer would be to increase provincial transfers so that the provinces are able to fund programs for people experiencing much deeper poverty than families.
Right now, there are a lot of programs in place, particularly in Quebec, that are aimed at families. That has benefitted them a lot, but unattached individuals are pretty well ignored for the time being. In my opinion, the federal government could increase transfers to the provinces.