The government did some studies, and some were done outside the government. Recently, in fact, a study was undertaken on the Kyoto Protocol objectives. However, all of these were based on the premise that we had 10 years to meet the targets. Even more recent studies were based on the understanding that we had about 10 years. So the impact began a few years ago.
As far as I know, the Environment Canada study of Bill C-288 is the first one to suggest that we should move quickly, in other words, within the next year and over the coming four years. That is the first time that it has been suggested in a study.
There is a huge difference between meeting the same targets quickly and providing more time for business to adapt, to renew its investment, replace the inputs, etc. That requires time, and it can't be done quickly, within a year, without incurring very high costs.