I would like to focus on another component concerning civil action. I'm talking about the bill's subclause 23(1), which states the following:
23. (1) Every resident of Canada [...] may seek recourse in the [courts] of the relevant province to protect the environment by bringing a civil action against the person who has contravened, or is likely to contravene, an Act [...]
The provision does explicitly state: "or is likely to contravene, an Act."
I would also like to draw a parallel between the bill and the Ontario Environmental Bill of Rights. Section 84(1), which concerns right of action, states the following:
[...] any person resident in Ontario may bring an action against the person in the court in respect of the harm and is entitled to judgment if successful.
Section 83 of the bill of rights specifies that section 84 applies only in respect of a contravention of an act. It says nothing about people likely to contravene an act. So, an act must be contravened in order for someone to bring an action against a person in the court.
Is this not an example of another parameter contained in the Ontario charter, but absent from Bill C-469?