I'll respond with a situation in Quebec. There are benefits from emissions trading with California because of reduced compliance cost. It's cheaper to reduce emissions in California than in Quebec because Quebec is relatively energy clean, so a lot of those emission reductions are achieved in California relative to Quebec. That brings down the compliance cost considerably.
There are all sorts of issues going on in California. We can get into it if you want, but the most important thing is that, if Quebec were to delink from California to meet its 2030 reduction target, carbon prices in Quebec would need to rise to over $300 per tonne. Right now, they're about $40 or $50. That's a bit suppressed because of political problems in California. They should certainly be higher in California and Quebec to drive toward the 2030 reduction targets, jointly, of those two jurisdictions. However, it's an order of difference from what Quebec would need to achieve those reductions unilaterally.
