Absolutely. One thing that is important to understand is that these powerful AI systems that are being developed are not just a few lines of code on a private computer of a private person. They require a lot of hardware. They require a lot of physical infrastructure that is visible from satellites. It's data centres that sometimes take the space of a football field, in some cases, or the space of a small town, and they're getting bigger and bigger. They're filled with tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of the world's most powerful supercomputers, which are manufactured by only a very few companies, and in some cases, just by one company in some part of the supply chain.
This makes both enforcement domestically and verification internationally much easier than if we had to deal with just software on a laptop. It's much closer to how we can track plutonium and uranium in the case of nuclear weapons, and that's how we stopped proliferation.
Countries just chiefly need to focus on these large infrastructure projects. These give the countries leverage to intervene. For example, if there is a ban on superintelligence, countries can simply require the data centre companies to disclose whether companies on their data centre are doing this criminal activity and interrupt them. Even in cases of non-compliance, including internationally, countries can directly ask the data centre to be shut down in case, for example, a company or a rogue actor is still undertaking the development of superintelligence even outside of the law. It's making it easier to enforce.