It's yes to both.
I do think that improvements to the Criminal Code to be able to deal specifically with deepfakes would help. I would also say, as witnesses before me have said, that current laws could go a lot further than they currently do in terms of protecting Canadians. If we gave more resources to the current regulators to be able to apply them in the context of AI, that could be a much faster way, and possibly a more effective way, of getting protections in place.
In terms of the responsibilities for technologies—technologists—I think it's very hard to stop a teenager in their basement in Russia from creating a deepfake of somebody. However, you can tell Google that if it wants to do operations in Canada, it has to take down deepfakes within a certain amount of time so that while the image itself is created, it doesn't get spread and it doesn't harm people's reputations.
I think it's yes, strongly, to both.