Absolutely both. We live in a globalized world. One of the most effective recruiting social media accounts, until it was closed down on Twitter, was called “Shami Witness”. Nobody knew who this person was initially, but he was arrested a few months ago. He was an individual who didn't actually belong to al Qaeda, ISIL, or anybody else. He was a fellow traveller living in India and he was recruiting people and empowering people from North America, U.K., Europe, and around the world. There are also individuals who are living amongst us who will do this online and off-line, but there has to be some sort of individual direct contact, and usually that is with people who are living among us.
On April 23rd, 2015. See this statement in context.