I think you're aware that we've been looking specifically at failed and fragile states. If I'm understanding your conclusions, they are pretty discouraging. I think—and I want to make sure I'm understanding you—your position is that really, economic and social development are a precondition to being able to successfully engage in democratic development.
That being the case, although I understand the point you're making about the EU, where conditionality can be introduced, it seems to me that's just about the antithesis of the kind of work we're trying to do. In other words, there's almost a reciprocity between the EU and states that want to gain admission. There's an incentive that applies to something that is very concrete and very real.
Let's go to Afghanistan as an example. There is a great deal of concern I think about the cart being before the horse in the instance of Afghanistan, particularly in Kandahar. I'm wondering whether, as part of your research, you've also looked at the whole question of the increasing militarization of aid as the method for that supposed economic and social development, which are preconditions to democracy.