Thank you. There are a couple of comments.
First of all, the Arctic Council cannot make binding agreements. The one agreement that we have, a search and rescue agreement, is binding on the eight member states, but it's not binding on the Arctic Council. It was the forum in which it was negotiated.
UNCLOS is the most appropriate body of law to deal with oceans and seas. When we're talking about the Arctic, we do have a big ocean, so, yes, UNCLOS does provide a lot of the necessary regulation. It is well respected, and the U.S., even though it hasn't ratified it, treats it as customary law.
There are also many other international organizations that deal specifically with environmental protection. For example, the International Monetary Organization would like to create a mandatory, as opposed to voluntary, polar code. That's where Canada can certainly encourage that.
So I don't think we suffer from a dearth of international law and frameworks. Between the national legislation we have and the international, we have more than enough. What we need to do is understand what applies, making sure that international and domestic legislation don't clash or are not at cross-purposes.