I have two quick answers. I think Canada, under Article 234, could do it, as a pollution prevention measure. But I don't think Canada should do it, because right now it is being discussed with the International Maritime Organization. The issue of black carbon or black soot from ships in the Arctic, which is a big issue, is supposed to be five times as big by the year 2030. Again, this is within a bulk liquids and gases subcommittee. They're trying to study whether we need global regulations on this. I think it's a process you want to see working through the IMO first. If it doesn't have success, then maybe Canada should think that way.
On March 19th, 2013. See this statement in context.