Thank you very much for your testimony.
Ms. Macdonald, I wonder if I could start with you. I want to explore a little more deeply the gender issues that you raised and the impact on women and girls. I don't want to put words in your mouth, but you said you didn't feel that there was adequate recognition of this in what's currently before us as it relates to the ATT. In the ATT, there is article 7(4):
The exporting State Party, in making this assessment, shall take into account the risk of the conventional arms covered under Article 2 (1) or of the items covered under Article 3 or Article 4 being used to commit or facilitate serious acts of gender-based violence or serious acts of violence against women and children.
We heard from Mr. Butcher from Oxfam last week that those articles would become binding because we sign on, regardless of the specific language in the regulations or legislation. Is there an additional step necessary, or do you feel that this will cover that? That's certainly what we had been told.