Several risks have to be acknowledged when it comes to Africa. One of the most important ones is the political risk. In many countries, even those where it was least expected, there have been coups d'état and disruptions in the constitutional order. Risks of that nature must be taken into account when engaging in economic relationships in Africa.
There is also the issue of the cost of doing business, especially when it comes to infrastructure and transportation. These costs are variables that have to be considered. There are also administrative delays. The amount of documentation required to import or export anything is also a risk to be factored in.
Finally, there is the risk of default. There are possible solutions to these types of risks, however, like country risk insurance, that can address situations like these.