I think I was referring to this vision by which people see innovation as something good that almost falls out of the sky and as something that is not manageable. “Unpredictable” or “unmanageable” would be the labels I'd use.
I think a lot of the upstream work when designing innovation can be steered and informed. There is a lot of input that can be brought early on in technology development that will avoid failures. With a lot of technologies that don't make it to the health care system, sometimes it's the system that is not responsive. Very often it's the technology itself that has been badly designed.
What I'm saying is that this is not unpredictable. With regard to some failures from a health services and policy research standpoint, experts in the field could probably say very early, from the business plan, “This is going to fail. This will not make it to health care. Providers will not use it. Patients will not benefit from it. Stop wasting your time.”