There are obviously lots of studies about this. When universities started to own their intellectual property, it was driven by the American government when they passed the Bayh-Dole Act in the early eighties. That created that idea that it's too complicated for governments to manage intellectual property, so let's give it to the universities, and that created what we have today, which is universities acting like little companies.
They don't manage their intellectual property well. Canada loses money. If you just do a financial check on how much we gain and lose at our universities, you see we lose money on our intellectual property portfolio. The intellectual property we invent is so early it's not a product yet. Actually, there's strong evidence that it gets in the way of creating products that are useful for society.
It wouldn't be such a bad deal if we got out of the business of trying to pretend we're little companies at universities.