On the comparison on retroactivity, in essence, most other countries do not have any retroactivity provisions whatsoever, so in that respect, Canada is much more generous than other countries in having the limited retroactivity of a one-year period. If I look at Australia, New Zealand, Sweden, there is no retroactivity. In some countries they're all means-tested benefits. There are no universal benefits like the OAS.
When I look at the comparison with provincial programs, most provincial programs allow a 12-month retroactivity, in some with certain stipulations. British Columbia, on the B.C. employment and income assistance, for example, has no retroactivity provisions. Nova Scotia has no retroactivity at all on income-tested benefits. The 11-month retroactivity period is either better or pretty comparable to what exists across the country and better than what exists internationally.