The tiered approach, as I said, came out of the consultation.
The first tier is a European Union-wide one, used in all 27 countries, and it refers to income below 60% of the median equivalized income. That is an EU-wide measure. The equivalization scale would probably not be appropriate to Canada, but as a relative income and equality measure, it's as good as many—although Canada has equally good measures with its low-income cut-offs, the market-based budget standards, and other methods I know you're developing.
The next tier is a kind of fixed poverty line, which is termed absolute, but it really is just a fixed relative line.
The last is a combined income and deprivation measure, which has high scientific validity and is very much closer to being a good operationalization of the European Union definition of poverty, which is households and families whose resources are so low as to exclude them from the acceptable way of life in the country in which they live. So the last tier is an attempt to look at how people are living, as well as how much income they have. That has been used in many countries, not just in Europe, but outside Europe.