There are two ways in which additional supply can help alleviate affordability issues. The first one is through what we call filtering. This is essentially creating more supply, and this also helps to move up the ladder of housing and free up more affordable units. Really, it's important to bring a diversity of different unit types so that people can move fluidly from one unit to another and more affordable homes are freed up. This process takes some time, but we are starting to see some elements of it at the upper end of the rental market. That's usually the initial stage of filtering. It takes several years to fully materialize through the whole continuum of housing, however.
The other way is that providing more supply helps income catch up with price growth. We oftentimes forget that affordability is not only about the price tag but also about the income to afford it. If you make house prices keep growing at a slower pace than income, or you boost income at a higher pace than house prices, then it catches up and naturally improves affordability over time, which is also a way that additional supply works.
