Evidence of meeting #57 for Indigenous and Northern Affairs in the 41st Parliament, 1st Session. (The original version is on Parliament’s site, as are the minutes.) The winning word was lot.

A recording is available from Parliament.

On the agenda

MPs speaking

Also speaking

Josie Okalik Eegeesiak  President, Qikiqtani Inuit Association
Bernie MacIsaac  Director, Land Administration, Qikiqtani Inuit Association

10:05 a.m.

Conservative

David Wilks Conservative Kootenay—Columbia, BC

In your view, can you explain the importance of the land use plans in helping to ensure environmental protections? I noted in your comments that you said well-being relies on sustainable use. Working from that, obviously ensuring environmental protection is of utmost importance to your group. Do you see any of those issues within Bill C-47? For the most part, do you concur with all of the environmental uses that are moving forward with Bill C-47?

10:10 a.m.

President, Qikiqtani Inuit Association

Josie Okalik Eegeesiak

I will defer to Bernie, who has been involved in some of the community consultations with the land use plan.

Bernie.

10:10 a.m.

Director, Land Administration, Qikiqtani Inuit Association

Bernie MacIsaac

Thank you.

As I was mentioning earlier, a lot of this activity that's taking place in the region is new to a lot of the communities. Over $500 million is being spent on exploration activities across the territory this year, of which over $100 million is being spent in our region, in proximity to just about every community.

The land use plan will provide some certainty to the communities and provide some certainty to proponents or people who wish to use the land with regard to what's allowed and what's not allowed. An important part of the land use planning process is actually the consultation, going into the community and getting the information from them on what is important, where it's important, why it's important, and when it's important. That type of information then will breed ownership by the communities in the use of the land. It will also help the projects in the long run.

So, yes, land use planning is an important part of this exercise, and as our president has mentioned, we have to be part of that.

10:10 a.m.

Conservative

David Wilks Conservative Kootenay—Columbia, BC

Thank you.

I have one more question.

One of the main objectives of this bill is to protect the ecosystem in Nunavut. Do you and your association think this bill will contribute to the environmental protection of the territory?

10:10 a.m.

President, Qikiqtani Inuit Association

Josie Okalik Eegeesiak

Absolutely, yes, I think it will, especially with the requirement that Inuit have to be consulted and participate.

10:10 a.m.

Conservative

David Wilks Conservative Kootenay—Columbia, BC

Thanks, Chair. I have nothing further to ask.

10:10 a.m.

Conservative

The Chair Conservative Chris Warkentin

Thank you very much.

We'll turn now to Ms. Bennett for seven minutes.

January 31st, 2013 / 10:10 a.m.

Liberal

Carolyn Bennett Liberal St. Paul's, ON

Thank you.

Thank you for coming. We're still dealing with duelling amendments. When we heard from NIRB, they agreed with some of the NTI amendments, but they really don't want the amendment on scoping and the amendment on reviewing traditional knowledge provided to NIRB or a federal panel.

As a committee, we are supposed to make up our mind on this, and I don't know quite how we do that. Could you give a pitch for why those two amendments should be included?

10:10 a.m.

President, Qikiqtani Inuit Association

Josie Okalik Eegeesiak

I'm sorry, which amendments?

10:10 a.m.

Liberal

Carolyn Bennett Liberal St. Paul's, ON

The amendments in the NIRB's submission—“Part B, 3” and “Part B, 5”—that the NIRB felt very strongly should not be included.

10:10 a.m.

Conservative

The Chair Conservative Chris Warkentin

We have a copy of those amendments and we'll pass them to the witnesses, if that's helpful.

10:10 a.m.

Liberal

Carolyn Bennett Liberal St. Paul's, ON

Okay. Mine's a bit scribbled up.

10:10 a.m.

Conservative

The Chair Conservative Chris Warkentin

Sure. We'll get those up there. That may be helpful.

10:10 a.m.

Liberal

Carolyn Bennett Liberal St. Paul's, ON

While they're doing that, maybe you want to talk to me about.... They also felt very strongly—certainly it's what the president was saying—that the resources necessary to prepare for implementation and to carry on the increased requirements of this bill need to be in place prior to the coming into force of this statute. Have you been reassured that the money will be there when this bill passes?

10:10 a.m.

Director, Land Administration, Qikiqtani Inuit Association

Bernie MacIsaac

To give you an example, NIRB up until now has basically had to deal with one and maybe one and a half major projects. It was through an environmental review, and there is a lot of other stuff it does, screenings, etc.

These reviews are what really take up time and resources, because they require that you have to go into a community to do consultations; you have to hire consultants or have the technical staff to be able to review very complicated and serious documents for a particular project. I assure you that the documents that were submitted on behalf of the Baffinland project, which is in the northern part of our region, would probably line up all across this desk. They've basically been dealing with one or one and a half since almost the territory has been created.

If you look at their agenda right now, I believe there are four, so there has been a tremendous increase in activity in the number of major projects and the effort that's going to be required from NIRB to be able to deal with those. They do have to have some certainty, as you can imagine, from HR planning and budget planning, etc., in terms of what their funding envelope is going to look like in the future.

10:10 a.m.

Liberal

Carolyn Bennett Liberal St. Paul's, ON

What happens if this bill passes and you don't get the resources to actually be able to do it?

10:10 a.m.

Director, Land Administration, Qikiqtani Inuit Association

Bernie MacIsaac

Well, for the most part, these projects are funded on a project by project basis by NIRB. Still, Nunavut is a very difficult place to work and to attract staff to, so you do have to have some serious HR planning and you do have to have some serious budget planning.

10:15 a.m.

Liberal

Carolyn Bennett Liberal St. Paul's, ON

NIRB is afraid it doesn't have the money to do this.

10:15 a.m.

Director, Land Administration, Qikiqtani Inuit Association

Bernie MacIsaac

It takes money to work these projects. We can't speak for NIRB in terms of how they feel about their funding envelope. I know it's been a concern for all the institutions of public government all along in a general sense. I'm not sure exactly how this bill will change things.

There is a lot of pressure on NIRB to perform, and I think the intent of this bill is to make the regulatory process and these types of projects more efficient and more smooth.

10:15 a.m.

Liberal

Carolyn Bennett Liberal St. Paul's, ON

Just explain again how you're funded in order to do your job for those communities that are so far-flung, in making sure that Inuit really understand what the choices are. How are you funded?

10:15 a.m.

President, Qikiqtani Inuit Association

Josie Okalik Eegeesiak

We're funded by the Nunavut Land Claims Agreement through NTI and the compensation we got through signing the agreement. So we do get our funding from NTI.

Along the same lines of your question and his response about institutes of public government and the need for their resources to meet the demands of resource development, QIA has been saying for a couple of years now that with the federal government wanting to fast-track development, you also need to fast-track the basic infrastructure we need in our communities so that we are better able to handle what's coming at us. So, yes, financial resources are a critical component to all this.

With regard to the scoping and the traditional knowledge, I'm not quite sure how to reply to that right now.

10:15 a.m.

Liberal

Carolyn Bennett Liberal St. Paul's, ON

I think next week we're supposed to decide, so if there's any advice you have between now and then, let us know.

10:15 a.m.

Director, Land Administration, Qikiqtani Inuit Association

Bernie MacIsaac

I'll just speak to some of that, and I'll give you an example about traditional knowledge. There are a number of different terms for it—traditional knowledge, northern knowledge. It's the knowledge that Inuit have about the land and what happens on the land, and they have a lot of it. It goes back to this consultation we were talking about earlier, about people actually listening to what the community has to say. The community has a lot to say, and it's very important stuff.

It's getting better, but there's almost a kind of silo approach, where you have contemporary science on one hand and traditional knowledge on the other, and there's none of this.... One of the main things we're trying to do as an organization is to blur that line between the two types of knowledge.

Inuit culture is an oral passing down from one generation to another. Where are the good hunting grounds? Where are the caribou? Where are the migration routes? All that stuff is important for proponents who are going to be doing, say, exploration activity. You don't want to be flying your helicopter over those caribou herds when they're migrating, because it scares them. So it is valuable knowledge. If you ignore it and you are flying that helicopter over those caribou and you are scaring those caribou, the hunters aren't going to be too happy about that. Then when you go back into the community looking for support for your particular project, the community is going to remember that you really didn't listen to them when they told you that you don't go there in July because that's when the caribou are....

To give you maybe a more concrete example, there's a little community up on Ellesmere Island called Grise Fiord.

10:15 a.m.

Liberal

Carolyn Bennett Liberal St. Paul's, ON

I've been there, and to Sanikiluaq.

10:15 a.m.

Director, Land Administration, Qikiqtani Inuit Association

Bernie MacIsaac

Have you? It's a nice little place.

There wasn't a lot of scientific knowledge or contemporary science on what the narwhals were doing around Grise Fiord. However, there were the people who lived there, and they knew what was going on with the narwhals. In the last little while there has been a collaboration between the Inuit and DFO to help establish what the traditional narwhal population looks like and where it is, and that's going to be a kind of baseline to help establish what some of the quotas might be.

So there's some of this, and we would certainly like to see more of it.