Thank you very much, Chair.
Thank you for being here, Mr. Vivian.
I'd like to pick up on the theme of infrastructure that you've been touching on. It's really fascinating to hear about your long experience living and working in the north. I'm sure that in that time you've seen a lot of change.
We know that the level of public interest in the north has varied over time. We know that the level of governmental interest in the north has varied over time. We know that the north has often found itself at the intersection of large global or macro forces, whether those are geopolitics, global economic trends or, for example, the impacts of global warming and global climate change, which have such a profound impact on northern communities and northern infrastructure.
I would expect that in the context of your particular field of geology and mining, where there's so much change happening in terms of the landscape of the north—the physical soils, the permafrost thaw, etc.—you are aware that the government is focused on investing in northern infrastructure, but the focus is very much on dual-benefit or multi-use infrastructure that will help meet the needs of the Department of National Defence, the Canadian Armed Forces and northern communities, which of course have been significantly underinvested in with regard to critical infrastructure over many decades.
I'm wondering if you could share your perspective on what would be the best types of investments for dual-benefit, dual-use infrastructure in the north that in your view would help serve not only the needs of local communities but also the needs of industry, the needs of geoscientists such as yourself and—if you're able to add this—the needs of the defence community in northern Canada.