We engage in a process called community-based participatory research, which is a mixed-method process of engaging with the community, making sure that we cover about 20% of the people who live within that community and engaging them in various forms. We'll do small group engagements followed by in-depth, one-to-one qualitative interviews to continue exploring themes. In small communities it can often be hard to raise things publicly, but when they work with us privately, a lot of things might come out.
We do that specifically so that we can help them identify stable dynamic patterns of risk and maladapted behaviour within their communities and design programs within that community.
We're probably best known for community safety officers and guardians, but it is a web of programs that nations generally action simultaneously to start upriver of the challenges that you're seeing and the challenges that we're all trying to address. The CSOs are one component.
One of the pieces I really want to highlight, which I know is peripherally related to your question, MP Hanley, so, again, thank you for raising it, is that the current FNIPP has a binary. Nations have an option of engaging in a CTA, a community tripartite agreement, with the RCMP or police of jurisdiction when deeming their own police force, and that is a very restrictive binary. For a lot of nations that are geographically remote and have small communities that might not have the economic means to enact their own police force, it's impossible. It's a de facto single option.