Thank you for the question.
It's a multi-faceted challenge. Europe's ahead of us in many respects, not the least of which, as I've mentioned, is its privacy legislation, which is rooted in human rights. It's also deeply involved in the regulations to govern AI.
Professor McKelvey is right that learning models threw everybody sideways, and there are also enormous intellectual property issues that everybody is racing to on these things.
Europe has a lot more latitude to govern itself because we got shackled under USMCA. If you noticed, the way we're trying to get ourselves out of this is through a little bit more sovereign compute, and the moment we talk about it, it's introduced as a trade irritant.
My point is that there's no silver bullet in this. We're going to have to understand the economic statecraft that's at play here. It's all very legal, and it's very technical. Europe is a full participant, including the privacy legislation and institutions to respond to that.
We're literally doing nothing. I just want us to get oriented to this and to start doing these things. Definitely, the standard setting on the AI Act, the privacy of GDPR and certainly starting to look at the governance of it and what they're doing on sovereign compute are very good places to start.
