Thank you, Kevin.
I fully agree with what my colleagues have said previously.
The challenge of BERD is an interesting one because it's something that's been on our radar for many years. What will it take? It is partly a business culture challenge and partly a capacity challenge. From that perspective the transformation of NRC has been critical to be able to focus our expertise, resources, and capabilities on the needs of industry.
One of the opportunities there and one of the outcomes that we would see is that by helping industry in different ways.... When we're working with them on very short-term problems, they pay the entire cost of research. We're not doing it for nothing. By working with them and helping them solve problems it helps to build into their organizations a stronger culture of why R and D is important to advance the innovation agenda in their firms. We see at least a few examples of increased internal spending on R and D. We know, for example, generally speaking, for every dollar that a company would invest to contract R and D, they would spend $1 to $4 within their organizations on R and D.