The copyright costs for the university have varied. When we started in 2011, before the proposed tariff, we were paying $2.38 a student with 10ยข a copy. It varied between $10 and $15, I think, when all was said and done at the end of a year, per FTE student. We have about 30,000 FTE students on our campus, so that gives you an idea.
We opted out in part because to go from $10 to $15 to $26 or $45 per FTE seemed like a very large jump. We have to manage a number of competing stories all the time at institutions. We are publicly funded. We look very carefully at the use of taxpayer dollars. Our institution has not passed on the costs of copyright to students, believing that this is part of what we do as an institution.
For us, in terms of the issues in copyright and fair dealing, we did not opt out until the Supreme Court of Canada's decision on fair dealing. We thought this was an absolutely critical part for Canadian society. It's very important for universities to be able to share information and to build on information. The idea that you can use part of the information available to take and build on it, to create different research, is a very important part of what we do at the university in both research and teaching.
I would strongly support the fair dealing concepts as they currently exist.