There are a few spam studies out there, from the Netherlands and other places, where they've set up spam traps. There are emails that have never been used by anyone for anything, but researchers set them up, and they end up trapping only spam because they have never been used for legitimate email. The spam reporting centre doesn't quite work that way. It gets emails forwarded by Canadians who think something is spam. Then there is a third source, which is just ISP spam volumes, which I think Mr. Sookman told us about, where a lot of it is caught already.
There needs to be more coordination work at the CRTC enforcement end, to work with academics, ISPs, and their own enforcement people to give us a coherent picture. At the moment, a lot of it is presented in a very restrictive way, if you will, from CRTC. We have little scraps, but we don't have an overall picture.
It's hard for us to say.... For example, today I would have loved to come and say that since CASL, the volume of spam that consumers receive has gone down 35%. I can't say that. I don't know. It's hard to prove a negative.