My understanding of recidivism has always been that a registered conviction would represent the recidivism rate. Of course, we in the policing community know that doesn't always reflect the actual criminal activity, but we live in a legal structure that measures it upon conviction.
Coming from British Columbia, I can inform this committee that we have something called a charge approval system, where charges actually have to be approved by crown counsel before they are proceeded with. We have that. They call it quality control. We actually have one of the lowest conviction rates across the country, and one would ask why. So there is, I suggest, a dark figure of recidivism that is immeasurable.