Thank you very much.
Yes, I think the literature suggests that when we're dealing with police officers, marginalized groups such as visible minorities and individuals who find themselves in a low socio-economic category tend to be over-policed. That's the way we refer to it.
I think the same concerns might well exist when we're talking about private security forces. We know that these private security guards are, for example, being used now in low-income-housing communities. I think there is a real risk that individuals who are already likely to have a disproportionate interaction with police officers are now going to find themselves becoming disproportionately also...I won't say targeted, necessarily, but they will find themselves in a disproportionate number of interactions with private security guards. So I think there are all sorts of reasons why we should be concerned about the implications of these changes for marginalized communities.
I'll just pick up on a point that was made earlier about the protection of victims. I'm very much in support of the protection of victims. The difficulty here is that sometimes it's hard to know who the victim is, right? If a person is subjected to increased attention because he or she is a member of a marginalized group, that person is also a victim, right?
The trouble with these cases is that unless you get a case that comes to court, in all of these circumstances where people are being stereotyped or subjected to a disproportionate amount of attention, these people just have to live with it, right? There is no redress because these cases often don't get to court.
I think there are real concerns that exist from the standpoint of marginalized groups.