Thank you very much, Mr. Calkins.
I'd like to follow up on the question that Madam Boivin put to Ms. Morency, who mentioned that Ms. Levman might be able to tell us a little bit more about some case law.
My question has to do with the totality principle and how in your opinion it has been applied by the courts to the types of offences we see in Bill C-26. My understanding is that some of the cases we're talking about are just very recent cases. I notice that some of them are 2014 decisions, for example. I believe some of them might actually touch on legislation that was previously passed in Bill C-10 or perhaps other legislation.
I'd first like you to comment, Ms. Morency, and then perhaps Ms. Levman might want to take us through some of the cases.
Can you tell us whether or not the courts have been consistently applying penalties in all of these cases, or is Bill C-26 actually addressing some of those issues?