As I noted, the research isn't exhaustive on that point. Particularly with regard to the self-represented litigants, I do know that there have been a number of studies to support the position that there should be more legal aid funding in the criminal justice system because it has been determined that self-represented litigants do add to court delays.
There's a reason we went to law school. We have this experience. It is a very complicated process, and having self-represented litigants who are trying to navigate it on their own causes significant delays in the system.
The mandatory minimum sentences reflect a lack of discretion with respect to the sentences that are imposed. Therefore, more of a need is created to determine the strengths and weaknesses at every available opportunity and for the clients to make full answer in defence, because if they are facing a mandatory minimum sentence, those consequences are extremely significant. Then, of course—