Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
Thank you to the witnesses.
I certainly agree that this is an important study and that all Canadians should be extremely concerned by the proliferation of hate that has increased worrisomely in the last number of years. It has hit home in communities across Canada, most significantly in the horrific mosque attack in Quebec City, and we saw it just eight hours away in Pittsburgh at the Tree of Life synagogue, which I know well, because it's a couple of blocks away from where my brother lives.
It's important that we tackle this issue and while we do so, we of course have to be cognizant—as I think all of the witnesses have indicated—of fundamental freedoms, including freedom of speech, and how we can strike that balance.
Perhaps I'll begin with Mr. Fogel. You did mention section 13, which I, with respect, believe was a flawed section for a number of reasons. You mentioned that, with the removal of what many believe to be a flawed section in the Canadian Human Rights Act, there is a gap.
When you look at section 318 or section 319 of the Criminal Code, or I think you cited section 320.1, I'd just be interested in understanding where you see the gap. Perhaps you could elaborate on what you would recommend to close what you state is a gap.