Yes. I will make four points very quickly.
The first, in terms of liability, is the question of what USMCA will allow. There is a question mark over whether the CDA, Communications Decency Act, section 230, is embedded within the USMCA, which could potentially make it hard for Canada to deal with liability. That's still to be determined a bit, but I want to put that out there.
Second, we're now dealing with a different kind of Internet where we have both public and private. In terms of private groups, for example, we would need to say, think about what that message is that's forwarded to thousands of people. That's why I think it's very complicated to think about threshold.
The third point is that threshold is complicated because within the Internet, as people at Facebook and other social media companies will say, there are questions of volume versus intensity. If you reach 20 people, but those 20 people go and do something, do you weigh that against something reaching 100,000 people who don't really do anything with it? That's a very complicated question that I think needs to be left to case law.
Fourth, to re-emphasize what I said in my testimony, only a very, very narrow amount of hate speech is going to be dealt with through law. There are also broader categories of harmful speech. That's why I gave suggestions that were not necessarily specifically legal but rather whole-of-government approaches to try to deal with some of these issues.