I'm very pleased to do that. I thought at the beginning that I had made an error of judgment in not talking about that, because it is in the paper and it is very important.
Section 1 is the provision that says that the charter guarantees the rights and freedoms set out subject only to such reasonable limits prescribed by law as can be demonstrably justified in a free and democratic society. That is designed to cover the situation where a right may have unexpected consequences and where Parliament may quite legitimately decide to limit the right. The cases under section 1 require four steps to be taken.
First of all, a law under section 1 must have a sufficiently important objective to justify limiting a right. Second, it must have a rational connection to the objective. The third point is that there must be a proportionality between the deleterious and salutary effects of the law so that the price of the infringement of the right is not too high a price to pay.
A lot of laws have been accepted under those provisions, so that when one worries about something being an unlawful detention or the right to counsel being a serious problem, section 1 provides some comfort for a sort of common-sense solution to those kinds of concerns.