In terms of those who wouldn't be in the system—who hadn't applied for a work permit or an LMIA—they wouldn't fall under the compliance regime. If they're in an underground economy of some kind, that would generally fall either to provinces and territories responsible for workplaces or potentially law enforcement responsible for illegal activity. Really the importance of the work permit and the LMIA approach is that we're able to actually track and hold employers accountable for what they've said they would do when they bring in migrant workers. If they're really outside of the system, that doesn't necessarily fall within our mandate.
On February 27th, 2018. See this statement in context.