Thank you very much, Mr. Chair.
Mr. Spratt, welcome to the committee. It's good to see you. I was hoping you'd make it here in person from just down the street.
You called MMPs—I'm just recalling your words—ineffective, expensive and racist, I believe. I think you wrote an article back in June or July of 2020. Lawyers magazines are along the same lines as well.
Can we talk about the ineffectiveness first? Can you share with the committee what you mean by MMPs being ineffective? I recall reading in the article that you had spoken about how they increase crime rates as opposed to reducing crime rates.