Sure. As I said in my introductory remarks, I think there is a reason the definition of exploitation in the Palermo protocol refers to the exploitation of a condition of vulnerability. Indeed, the other offence in the Criminal Code, in section 153, which is drafted in terms of sexual exploitation of a young person, had to be expanded. This idea of limiting it to a relationship of trust, power or authority was simply too narrow. We added to that offence a relationship of dependency and a relationship that is exploitative of a young person.
Trust, power and authority can sometimes be interpreted quite narrowly by the courts. They're sometimes looking for formal relationships of authority. Often, what you really have, particularly with young victims, is the exploitation of a condition of vulnerability.
I mentioned, for example, women and teenage girls with intellectual disabilities, which is an area I've done some work in over the years. In many cases it actually doesn't take a lot of threats, violence or coercion to lure those women and girls into the sex trade. What you have, then, is traffickers selecting their victims based on their vulnerability and marginalization. They don't always need to use violence, because they're choosing victims they can recruit into the sex trade and keep there through other forms of manipulation.
I think it's important to recognize that. The fact that there are so many young people and indigenous women and girls is a reflection of the vulnerability of the victims. The fact is that you don't always need to use threats or violence to lure someone into a trafficking situation.